Galaxies like our Milky Way can be described in terms of their structure,
dynamics, and stellar populations. Some robust correlations between
galaxy structural properties such as stellar mass, circular velocity, and
size display surprisingly small scatter over many orders of magnitude,
hinting at well-regulated galaxy formation processes. A major challenge
to understanding these scaling relations, their tight scatter, and ultimately
galaxy formation and evolution, is the elusive interplay between visible
and dark matter. Among others, the radial acceleration relation, concept
of “galaxy diversity”, intrinsic scatter in galaxy scaling relations, impact
of supermassive black hole on galaxies, and comparisons with numerical
simulations of galaxy formation are presented in this context.
